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  • Version 10.8, Mountain Lion, is the new cat on the block, and it means business. This review will run through a selection of what is new and, we consider at least, interesting in the world of OS X 10.8, Mountain Lion. In a nutshell, if you’re a seasoned Mac user then you’ll be right at home.
  • Apple announced a developer preview of OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion (Mac App Store link) in mid-February 2012, and it became available on July 25, 2012. As expected, it makes Macs even more iOS-like, continuing the trend begun with OS X 10.7 Lion in July 2011.
  • OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion Even though Lion was hailed as the “Back to the Mac” release, 2012’s Mountain Lion did even more to bring iOS features and concepts to the Mac. Game Center, Notes and Reminders all made it into this version of OS X. Address Book and iCal were re-named Contacts and Calendars for better synergy, I guess.

The 10.8.5 update is recommended for all OS X Mountain Lion users and improves the stability, compatibility, and security of your Mac.

Apple's traditional desktop computing business has suffered many indignities over the past decade. Once Apple's flagship product line, the Mac first found itself playing second fiddle to the iPod—a mere music player—in the early 2000s. Today, matters are worse; on a graph of Apple's revenues, the Mac now appears as a thin strip of earth while iOS devices are the mountain that sits upon it.

Apple presented last year's release of OS X 10.7 Lion as part of a turn 'back to the Mac.' Ostensibly, the tagline was Apple's promise to bring innovations from its mobile operating system back to Mac OS X. But more broadly, it also meant that the Mac would receive more of Apple's attention.

That attention resulted in some dramatic changes to aspects of the operating system that had not been reconsidered in decades: application launching, the document model, process management—even basics like window resizing and scrolling. Photoshop psds. As Apple's newly refocused gaze fell upon its desktop operating system, many parts of it were deemed archaic and unworthy of continued existence.

At the end of last year's Lion review, I concluded: '[Lion] marks the point where Mac OS X releases stop being defined by what's been added. From now on, Mac OS X should be judged by what's been removed.' Unfortunately, the surgery was not a complete success. There were… complications.

Sins of the father

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Apple's intentions were noble. Lion's new features said all the right things: 'Stop worrying about saving your documents; Lion's got you covered. You don't need to keep track of how many applications are running; let the OS handle those details for you. Don't bother mucking around in the Finder, your applications are only a few clicks away. And scroll bars? Getting them out of your face is like a breath of fresh air. Trust me, this is going to be awesome.'

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Some longtime Mac users rejected Apple's premise that these things needed to be fixed. I am not among them—nor, I suspect, are the many millions of people who have been introduced to Apple through an iOS device. For most people, the problems Apple tried to address in Lion were real. The solutions, however, had some rough edges.

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And then there were the bugs—oh, the bugs! It's been common for 10.x.0 releases of Mac OS X to have bugs related to new functionality. These bugs are usually fixed quickly, with most disappearing in the 10.x.1 and 10.x.2 releases. Lion differed in both the nature and longevity of its bugs. Bugs in basic functionality like WiFi connectivity and Web browser stability bedeviled many Lion users, and it took Apple several releases over many long months to address the worst of them.

The theme underlying nearly all of Lion's changes was that the Mac could learn a thing or two from iOS. This theme didn't just influence the conceptual foundations of the OS (e.g., that users should not have to worry about saving documents or conserving resources by quitting applications), it also reached all the way up to specific details of the user interface and graphical design (e.g., the newly skeuomorphic versions of iCal and Address Book).

These user-visible changes also met with much resistance—again, some of it knee-jerk, but much of it justified, especially in cases where the changes significantly reduced functionality or made features more difficult to find.

Second bite at the apple

Enter OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion. Apple made a half-hearted attempt to brand 10.7 as 'OS X Lion,' but the 'Mac' prefix was far from completely expunged at launch. This is the first of many areas where Mountain Lion aims to succeed where its predecessor failed, so 'OS X Mountain Lion' it is—emphatically, universally, with a bullet.

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The final piece of Apple's renewed focus on the Mac is the uncharacteristically pre-announced move to annual releases of OS X. So not only did Mountain Lion have to correct Lion's missteps, it had only one year of development time to do so. Furthermore, unlike the last OS X release that just added a modifier to its predecessor's name, Mountain Lion doesn't have the luxury of focusing solely on refinement and internal changes. It has to move the ball forward… hopefully with fewer fumbles than Lion.

But hang on a second. For a desktop OS in the year 2012, which direction is 'forward,' anyway? The obvious answer is 'toward iOS,' but Lion proved that it's not quite that simple. And really, there has to be more to it than compulsive imitation, otherwise why continue development of the Mac platform at all?

Mountain Lion is Apple's answer to all these questions. It is the digital manifestation of Apple's belief that the Mac is still relevant, that it can be made better than it was before. In some ways, I feel the same as I did over a decade ago when considering a new version of OS X: I want to believe.

Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • Interface
  • Applications
  • iCloud
    • A cloud in three parts
  • Gatekeeper
  • Missing pieces
  • Grab bag
    • System Preferences

Apple announced a developer preview of OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion (Mac App Store link) in mid-February 2012, and it became available on July 25, 2012. As expected, it makes Macs even more iOS-like, continuing the trend begun with OS X 10.7 Lion in July 2011.

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Features ported over from iOS include AirPlay Mirroring, Game Center, Messages, Notes, Notification Center, Reminders, and Twitter integration. New features include Gatekeeper and Share Sheets. Gatekeeper can restrict Mountain Lion Macs to running only apps from the Mac App Store. Share Sheets is designed to make it easier for you to share links, photos, and videos by sending links in Safari, emailing or messaging from Notes, posting photos to Flikr and videos to Vimeo, and “tweeting just about anything.”

As with Lion, Mountain Lion will only available by purchase and download from the Mac App Store, where it retails for US$19.99.

Mountain Lion is susceptible to the “goto fail” bug. See Apple and the ‘goto fail’ Bug for information on securing it.

Apple has really raised the bar on hardware requirments. Where Lion had only left Core Dou Macs behind – all of them introduced in 2006 – Mountain Lion is abandoning Core 2 Duo Macs that use Intel GMA 950 or GMA 3100 graphics. Some of those were introduced in Late 2006, but some were not discontinued until Mid 2009, which means they were barely three years old when Mountain Lion was released.

Models supported by Lion but not Mountain Lion include:

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  • Late 2006 17″ 1.83 GHz Core 2 Duo iMac, disc. 8/7/07
  • Mid 2007 Mac mini, disc. 3/3/09
  • Late 2008 MacBook White, disc. 1/20/09
  • Early 2008 MacBook Air, disc. 10/14/08

Oldest Macs supported by OS X 10.8 by release date:

Mountain Lion Links

  • First Impressions of OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion, Simon Royal, Tech Spectrum, 2012.07.26. Installation took 45 minutes, all apps that ran in Lion run well, and everything seems a little faster.
  • The Rapid Rise of OS X Mountain Lion, Dan Knight, Mac Musings, 2012.08.01. In just a few days, Mountain Lion passed Snow Leopard on its way to displacing Lion as the king of the OS X jungle.

Downloadable Updates

Standalone Updates let you update to a newer version of Mac OS X from your hard drive instead of using Software Update, which requires an Internet connection. Download the one(s) you need and install them after mounting the disk image and launching the Installer program.

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There are two types of Standalone Updates: Individual (or Delta) and Combo.

  • Individual Updates update one version of Mac OS X to the next version. For example, the Mac OS X 10.8.4 Update updates Mac OS X 10.8.3 to version 10.8.4. Individual Updates are also known as Delta Updates.
  • Combo Updates update the base version of a Mac OS X release to the version specified in the Combo Update, including all intermediate updates. For example, the Mac OS X 10.8.4 Combo Update updates any earlier version of Mac OS X 10.8 to Mac OS X 10.8.4 using a single installer, as opposed to installing the individual Mac OS X 10.8.1, 10.8.2, 10.8.3, and 10.8.4 updates.

Standalone Updates are generally available 24 to 48 hours after the Update is available through Software Update.

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If you burn a Standalone Update to CD, its disk image must be copied to your desktop or another location on your Mac OS X startup disk in order to be installed.

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